Jump to content

Shipping (fandom)

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
(Redirected from Relationshippers)

Fan art of Mickey Mouse and Oswald the Lucky Rabbit. Members of fandoms often create pieces of fan art depicting fictional characters that they ship in romantic situations.

Shipping (derived from the word relationship) is the desire by followers of a fandom for two or more people, either real-life people or fictional characters (in film, literature, television series, etc.), to be in a romantic relationship. Shipping often takes the form of unofficial creative works, including fanfiction and fan art.

Etymology

[edit]

The usage of the term "ship" in its relationship sense appears to have been originated around 1995 by Internet fans of the TV show The X-Files, who believed that the two main characters, Fox Mulder and Dana Scully, should be engaged in a romantic relationship.[1][2] They called themselves "relationshippers" at first;[1][3][4] then "R'shipper", and finally just "shipper".[4][5][6]

The oldest recorded uses of the noun ship and the noun shipper, according to the Oxford English Dictionary,[7][8][9][10] date back to 1996 postings on the Usenet group alt.tv.x-files;[11] shipping is first attested slightly later, in 1997 and the verb to ship in 1998.[12]

Notation and terminology

[edit]

"Ship" and its derivatives in this context have since come to be in widespread usage. "Shipping" refers to the phenomenon; a "ship" is the concept of a fictional couple; to "ship" a couple means to have an affinity for it in one way or another; a "shipper" or a "fangirl/boy" is somebody significantly involved with such an affinity; and a "shipping war" is when two ships contradict each other, causing fans of each ship to argue.[13][14] A ship that a particular fan prefers over all others is called an OTP, which stands for one true pairing.[15][14]

When discussing shipping, a ship that has been confirmed by its series is called a canon ship or sailed ship, whereas a sunk ship is a ship that has been proven unable to exist in canon, or in other words, will never be real nor confirmed.[13][16][17][18]

Naming conventions

[edit]

Various naming conventions have developed in different online communities to refer to shipped couples, likely due to the ambiguity and cumbersomeness of the "Character 1 and Character 2" format.

The first method was using a slash,[14] first used for Kirk/Spock.[19] This is today mainly used for same-sex ships; fanfiction with these pairings is known as slash fiction.[20][19]

Name blending is often used to refer to a couple,[21] like 'Reylo' for Kylo Ren and Rey in Star Wars franchise, 'Destiel' for Dean Winchester and Castiel in the Supernatural TV series, and 'Bubbline' referring to Princess Bubblegum and Marceline the Vampire Queen in Adventure Time.[22][23][24] Portmanteaus and clipped compounds are used not only to abbreviate character pairings but also to create a name for the ship itself. For example, 'Klance' forms a clipped compound, and an abbreviated form of the complete names Keith and Lance in Voltron: Legendary Defender.[25] 'Sculder' in this case Dana Scully and Fox Mulder in The X-Files, is an example of surnames being blended, although most X-Files fans use the term "MSR" (Mulder-Scully Relationship), as is "MoonBoon" to stand for Zarya Moonwolf and Kitty Boon in Mysticons.[26][27] In other cases, first names of characters are merged, like the ships for Marcy Wu and Anne Boonchuy (Marcanne), Sasha Waybright and Marcy Wu (Sasharcy), and Sasha Waybright and Anne Boonchuy (Sashanne) in Amphibia[28] or between Violet "Vi" and Caitlyn "Cait" Kiramman (Caitvi or CaitVi) in Arcane.[29][30][31]

These combinations of names often follow systematic phonological principles, in which the first character in the ship's name is seen as the 'dominant' partner.[32] Japanese ship naming conventions often attach names together without slashing or blending by using an XY name-name format. This format is ruled by boy-girl ordering, or seme-uke (top-bottom) in Yaoi. In many East Asian countries there is a distinct difference between the pairing of XY and YX. Such as the pairing names of 'MomoYuki' (where Momo is dominant) vs. 'YukiMomo' (where Yuki is dominant) from the series Idolish7.[33][better source needed]

Many fandom-specific variants exist and often use fandom-specific terminology.[34][14][35] These often employ words that describe the relationship between characters in the context of the fictional universe and simply add the word "Shipping" to the end (For example, AmourShipping in Pokemon). Other terminology include using a combination of the characters' names and codes as a ship name. For instance, ship names for characters in RWBY include "Bumbleby" (Blake Belladonna and Yang Xiao Long) and "White Rose" (Weiss Schnee and Ruby Rose).[36][37]

Types of ships

[edit]

Same-sex

[edit]
Main article: Slash fiction

Within shipping, same-sex pairings are popular; they are sometimes known as "slash and femslash".[19][38][39] Within the anime/manga fandom, borrowed Japanese terms such as yaoi and yuri may be used.[40][41] In the context of Chinese TV series, related same-sex pairings are also referred to as "Tanbi CP".[42] A person who supports same-sex pairings and reads or writes slash fiction may be referred to as a "slasher",[43] although the Japanese term "fujoshi" for women who like same-sex stories,[44] and "fudanshi" as the male equivalent of that,[45][46] are also commonly used within the community, especially by fans of yaoi (boy on boy) and fans of yuri (girl on girl).[citation needed]

The term "slash" predates the use of "shipping" by at least some 20 years. It was originally coined as a term to describe a pairing of Kirk and Spock of Star Trek, Kirk/Spock (or "K/S"; sometimes spoken "Kirk-slash-Spock", whence "slash") homosexual fan fiction.[47][48] Other early slash pairings came from characters in Starsky & Hutch and Dirty Harry."[49] For a time in the late 1970s and early 1980s, "K/S" was used to describe such fan fiction,[50] regardless of whether or not they were related to Star Trek, and eventually "slash" became a universal term to describe all homosexual-themed fan works.[51][52] It now refers to a genre of fan fiction that focuses on romantic or sexual relationships between fictional characters of the same sex,[53][54][55] Even so, the slash mark itself is a shorthand label for a romantic relationship, regardless of whether the pairing is heterosexual or homosexual, romantic, or erotic.[56]

The first K/S stories were not immediately accepted by all Star Trek fans.[57] Early slash fans in England feared that they would be arrested, because slash violated the obscenity laws there at the time.[58] Many early slash stories were based on a pairing of two close friends, a "hero dyad", or "One True Pairing", such as Kirk/Spock or Starsky/Hutch; conversely, a classic pairing between foils was that of Blake/Avon from Blake's 7.[56] With the advent of the Internet, slash fiction writers created mailing lists (which gradually took the place of amateur press associations), and websites such as FanFiction.Net[59] (which gradually started taking the place of zines). With the Internet, the number of fandoms represented increased dramatically, especially those devoted to science fiction, fantasy, and police dramas.[60] The Internet also increased the level of reader interaction, making it easier for fans to comment on stories, give episode reviews, and discuss comment on trends in slash fandom itself. Websites and fanzines dedicated to fans of The X-Files, Stargate, Harry Potter, and Buffy the Vampire Slayer became common, with tens of thousands of slash stories available.[59]

Due to the lack of canonical homosexual relationships in source media at the time that slash fiction began to emerge, some came to see slash fiction stories as being exclusively outside their respective canons and held that the term "slash fiction" applies only when the characters' same-sex romantic or erotic relationship about which an author writes is not part of the source's canon and that fan fiction about canonical same-sex relationships is therefore not slash.[56] Femslash, a subgenre of slash fiction which focuses on romantic and/or sexual relationships between female fictional characters,[61] on the other hand, are typically heterosexual in the canon universe, but when fictions focus on lesbian characters, the stories are often labeled as femslash for convenience.[62] Original slash stories are those that contain male/male content, based on perceived homoerotic subtext between fictitious characters.[63] This can be sourced from a variety of media content, such as manga, TV shows, movies and books amongst others. These works are now generally published online[64] and use the same forms of rating, warnings and terminology that is commonly used by slash writers.[citation needed]

In May 2020, She-Ra and the Princesses of Power showrunner ND Stevenson said that while shipping has been a great tool for fans, he does not want films or shows with just occasional glances, or for all same-sex relationships to be portrayed as shipping.[65] He argued that the Catra/Adora relationship in She-Ra and the Princesses of Power is not an example of shipping, since it is "central to the plot" of the story.[citation needed]

Polyamory

[edit]

Love triangles are commonly used as a plot device to cause conflict in the story. The easy way around this is to pair all three together, or one member with both potential romantic partners.[66][67][68] This is not to be confused with a harem, which is usually just a single character being sought out by many others. Situations such as that may be the one to cause a polyamorous relationship or characters may be in such a relationship.[69][70] Polyamory is not always caused by love triangles,[71][72] but those that don't tend to be less accepted by the fandom.[14] In some fan fictions, characters are given a polyamorous identity, including warning "poly readers that the central characters are monogamous."[73]

Interspecies

[edit]

Interspecies shipping, which is usually displayed in fandoms of media consisting of animals of various species or supernatural, mechanical, extraterrestrial and fantasy beings,[74] is usually not problematic until a human is paired with a non-humanoid, sapient character.[75] Shipping a human character with an animal or furry character can be controversial as it treads a contentious line with bestiality.[76][77]

Age difference

[edit]
Wikipe-tan, the unofficial mascot of Wikipedia, sits in a park setting with an adult version of her sister, Commons-tan. The two are holding hands, and Commons-tan looks down at Wikipe-tan. They are both blushing.
Wikipe-tan and an adult Commons-tan, unofficial moe mascots of Wikipedia and Wikimedia Commons respectively, sitting together in a romantic subtext. Such significant age gaps in fan works have been subject to shipping discourse.

Controversial age differences have a wide range. An elderly adult with a young adult, anyone with an immortal or slowly aging being, teenagers with young adults, or even ships involving fictional children are all part of this category.[5][78][79][80] Connected to this are continued arguments about which ships are "best" and "right," with inevitable shipping wars.[81][82][83]

Love–hate

[edit]

Romances between two characters who canonically hate each other also occur.[84][85][86] It is often interpreted that the characters share sexual tension between each other, having a love–hate relationship. An example would be pairing Daniel LaRusso and his bully and rival Johnny from The Karate Kid and Cobra Kai.[87] This is one of the most popular types of shipping.[88][89]

Notable fandoms

[edit]

Daria fandom

[edit]

Daria was marked throughout its run by shipper debate, primarily over whether the title character should have a relationship with Trent Lane.[90] A common argument was that it would signal a turning away from the more subversive aspects of Daria's character, such as bitter criticism of romantic relationships.[citation needed]

In a later episode, Tom Sloane, who became Jane's boyfriend, is introduced, drawing a wedge between Jane and Daria, for instance.[91] Daria and Tom warmed up to each other throughout the fourth season, leading up to its finale.[92] With Jane and Tom's relationship in crisis, a heated argument between Daria and Tom led up to a kiss in Tom's car. In the TV movie Is it Fall Yet?, Daria decided to begin a relationship with Tom, and Daria and Jane patched up their friendship. This caused an uproar, and conversation turned to whether Tom was more appropriate than Trent had been. The debate was satirized by the show's writers in a piece on MTV's website.[93]

In interviews done after the series' run, series co-creator Glenn Eichler revealed that "any viewer who really thought that Daria and Trent could [have] a relationship was just not watching the show we were making,"[94] Tom came about because "going into our fourth year... I thought it was really pushing credibility for Daria to have only had one or two dates during her whole high school career," and "teaser" episodes like "Pierce Me" were "intended to provide some fun for that portion of the audience that was so invested in the romance angle. The fact that those moments were few and far between should have given some indication that the series was not about Daria's love life."[95]

Harry Potter fandom

[edit]

The Harry Potter series' most contentious ship debates came from supporters of various potential pairings:

Author J.K. Rowling appeared to refute the first possibility before the debates got started following the release of Goblet of Fire in July 2000, when she stated in October 1999 that Harry and Hermione "are very platonic friends" after the release of Prisoner of Azkaban in July 1999.[106] An interview with Rowling shortly after the release of Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince, in 2005 caused significant controversy within the fandom. An interviewer stated that Harry/Hermione fans were delusional, to which Rowling responded that they were "still valued members of her readership", but that there had been "anvil-sized hints" for future Ron/Hermione and Harry/Ginny relationships incorporated in the book itself,[107] and that Harry/Hermione shippers needed to re-read the books. This caused an uproar among Harry/Hermione shippers, some of whom claimed they would return their copies of Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince and boycott future Harry Potter books.[108] Clare McBride of SYFY described the shipping wars between those who liked Harmione and Romione, calling them the "Harmony Wars", saying they began in 1999 and 2000, and that "tension between these two factions ran hot", with specific communities and fansites for each ship. McBride noted that Harmione also came to be known as "HMS Harmony" by fans,[21] but that the 2005 interview in which MuggleNet’s Emerson Spartz stated that "Harry/Hermione shippers" were "delusional" led Harmione fans to "openly insult Rowling" and stated that this moment gave birth to shipping that "only values a ship for whether it not it wins, not whether or not it is enjoyable."[109]

Rowling's attitude towards the shipping phenomenon has varied between amused and bewildered to frustrated. In that same interview, she stated that she was a "relative newcomer to the world of shipping" and that it was "extraordinary" to meet the shippers, calling it a "huge underworld" seething beneath her.[110] Rowling stated in an interview conducted by Emma Watson in February 2014 for Wonderland Magazine, however, that she thought that realistically Hermione and Ron had "too much fundamental incompatibility," that they were written together "as a form of wish fulfillment" to reconcile a relationship she herself was once in.[111] She admitted to thinking she could have paired Hermione with Harry: "in some ways Hermione and Harry are a better fit", and that "Hermione's always there for Harry." However, in the same interview she later clarified. "Maybe she and Ron will be alright with a bit of counselling, you know. I wonder what happens at wizard marriage counselling? They'll probably be fine. He needs to work on his self-esteem issues and she needs to work on being a little less critical,"[112] Watson later clarified that Rowling's comments about pairing Hermione up with Harry were taken out of context and that she was actually joking.[113]

Xena: Warrior Princess fandom

[edit]

The 1995–2001 action/fantasy TV series Xena: Warrior Princess produced "shipping wars," with spillover from real-world debates about homosexuality and gay rights.[41] The show spawned various websites, online discussion forums, works of Xena fan fiction and several unofficial fan-made productions, with members of the fandom writing numerous fanfiction stories of the series, numbering in the thousands, and popularized the term altfic to refer to fanfiction about loving relationships between women.[114][115][116]

Shortly after the series' debut, fans started discussing the possibility of a relationship between Xena and her sidekick and best friend Gabrielle.[117][118] According to journalist Cathy Young, the quarrel between fans about a relationship between Xena and Gabrielle had a sociopolitical angle, in which some on the anti-relationship side were "undoubtedly driven by bona fide bigotry", while some on the pro-relationship side were lesbians who "approached the argument as a real-life gay rights struggle" in which "denying a sexual relationship between Xena and Gabrielle was tantamount to denying the reality of their own lives".[117] She argued that the fact that staff paid attention to fan opinions may have led to problems, with an "incentive for the rival groups to out-shout one another to make themselves heard," leading to shipping wars.

In 2000, during the airing of the fifth season, the intensity of the "shipping wars" was chronicled (from a non-subtexter's point of view) in an article titled "The Discrimination in the Xenaverse" in the online Xena fan magazine Whoosh!,[119] and numerous letters in response.[120] The wars did not abate after the 2001 series finale. With no new material from the show itself, the debates were fueled by various statements from the cast and crew. In January 2003, Xena star Lucy Lawless told Lesbian News magazine that after watching the finale, she had come to believe that Xena and Gabrielle's relationship was "definitely gay".[121] In March 2005, one-time Xena screenwriter Katherine Fugate, an outspoken supporter of the Xena/Gabrielle pairing, posted a statement on her website appealing for tolerance in the fandom, telling people to "allow everyone the grace to take what they need from the show and make it theirs," whether they see Xena with Gabrielle, or Xena with Ares.[122]

Avatar: The Last Airbender fandom

[edit]

When Avatar: The Last Airbender ran on Nickelodeon, from 2001-2005, fans supported various different ships, such as Tokka (Toph Beifong and Sokka), Ty Laang (Ty Lee and Aang), Jinko (Zuko and Jin), Tyzula (Azula and Ty Lee), Sukka (Sokka/Suki),[123] Maiko (Mai/Zuko), Rozin (Roku/Sozin), Zukka (Zuko/Sokka),[124] Yukka (Sokka/Yue), Mai Lee (Mai/Ty Lee), Taang (Toph/Aang), Zukki (Zuko/Sokka/Suki), and Azutara (Azula/Katara),[125][126][127] but the main contention was between fans of Kataang (Katara and Aang) and Zutara (Zuko and Katara).[128][129][126]

Some reviewers said that Kataang fans are "blinded by their appreciation" for the ship, stated that both ships "have validity...and textual evidence", or described Kataang as "always meant to be."[130][131][127] Rincke de Bont wrote that although Kataang became the canon ship, "heavily disappointing" Zutara fans, the latter made fanart and fanfiction for the ship, arguing why they preferred this ship, and noted that the series creators, Bryan Konietzko and Michael DiMartino even picked up on this phenomenon "within the fandom". de Bont added that on FanFiction.Net, Zutara stories became more popular because they "fulfill the wishes" not possible with the original series.[132] The Zutara ship has also been described as "one of the most popular" ships within the show's fandom,[133] and having the potential to be the "perfect execution of the enemies-to-lovers trope" by fans.[134]

Teen Vogue noted the series had one of "the biggest" shipping wars between Zutara and Kataang, during the series original run, and stated that the shipping debate "continues to this day" among some online users.[135] TheGamer described the shipping wars between these fans as "crazy" and "quite a big deal," noting that writers toyed with making Zuko and Katara a couple originally, and added that shippers of the latter can take "some comfort that their ship almost happened."[136]

Later, Konietzko noted his awareness of the shipping discourse, saying he "remember[s] Kataang vs. Zutara" and noted that the show's crew was wavering on how direct they could be with Kataang.[137] Others criticized the show's creator for going "a little overboard" in their criticism of Zutara shippers, stating that it led to be more shipping discourse.[135] Zach Tyler Eisen, who voiced Aang in the series, later stated that he favored the "Kataang" ship, and joked, after Dante Basco (who voiced Zuko), mentioned Zutara, "this is a Zutara-free zone. It’s all in your head, buddy."[138] Basco and Mae Whitman (voice of Katara) were also noted as creating content for a week celebrating the Zutara ship.[134] Other reviews said that the live-action adaptation has the possibility of canonizing the Zutara ship and noted that the shipping debate between fans of both ships, including by social media users responding to a Netflix post saying Zuko and Katara make "a good couple."[133][139] However, Albert Kim, showrunner of the live-action adaptation, said he was "smart enough" to not get involved in the shipping debate because he is aware "how passionate both sets of fans are."[140]

Legend of Korra fandom

[edit]

Throughout the run of The Legend of Korra there were shipping debates between those who supported various pairings, within the show's "passionate fanbase",[141] including between those who supported Makorra (Mako and Korra),[142][143] and Masami (Mako and Asami Sato)[citation needed] and later between fans of Makorra and Korrasami (Korra and Asami Sato) after the end of the first season.[144][145][137] Series creator Bryan Konietzko stated that there was a tumultuous "teenage love-hate relationship" between Mako and Korra which leads to an "ill-timed kiss", disappointing Bolin.[146] English studies scholars Rukmini Pande and Swati Moitra described Korrasami as one of the "only popular nonwhite couples occupying a primary position in an English-language fandom," which is primarily based on Tumblr, and pointed to issues such as fanart which lightened Korra's skin or whitewashed Asami's "cultural specificity."[147] Other popular ships among fans included Borra (Bolin and Korra), Wuko (Mako and Prince Wu), Kainora (Kai and Jinora),[citation needed] Kyalin (Kya and Lin), and Korpal (Korra and Opal).[148] The ship of Kai and Jinora was also described as "wholesome" along with nine other canon ships between characters in the series.[149] Konietzko later said that the show's crew was "not easily swayed" by posts on Tumblr or Twitter even though they "changed and tweaked stuff" as they show was being developed.[150]

Following the series finale, some accused the series creators Konietzko and DiMartino of "fan service" for making Korrasami canon,[151][152] but others noted that the Korrasami ship was seeded throughout the series run, and said that it was greeted by queer fans enthusiastically, and argued that many of the show's fans were pushing for the pairing.[153][145][154] IGN editors said that this conclusion felt "earned" and "stunningly rendered."[141] DiMartino would say that the final scene in the episode made it clear that "Korra and Asami have romantic feelings for each other".[155] Konietzko said he had "bragging rights as the first Korrasami shipper", note that Makorra was only the “endgame” when Book 1 closed, and added that once the series entered Book 2 they "knew we were going to have them [Korra and Mako] break up".[143] In an interview in April 2015, DiMartino and Konietzko refuted charges that Korrsami was not built up through the series run.[150] Konietzko would later draw artwork of Korra and Asami embracing as an exclusive print for The Legend of Korra / Avatar: The Last Airbender Tribute Exhibition at Gallery Nucleus, in March 2015, with proceeds donated to an LGBTQ suicide prevention hotline,[156][157][158] and a rainbow version of the artwork posed in June 2015.[159] Korra and her predecessor Aang were featured on a print available for attendees of the 2015 San Diego Comic-Con.[160]

The relationship between Korra and Asami would also be developed in the canonical graphic novel series, The Legend of Korra: Turf Wars, with DiMartino telling Entertainment Weekly about the hopefully positive impact of the ship, and how he had heard personal stories about how the relationship between Korra and Asami "inspired young adults to come out" to their friends or family and Koh saying they wanted Korra and Asami to be resilient heroes in the series.[161][162] The ship would later be compared to other ships between female characters in Arcane[153] and Tomb Raider: The Legend of Lara Croft.[163]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b Owen, Maggie (June 29, 2018). "The Sweet Science of Shipping". Fandom. Archived from the original on January 15, 2021. Retrieved May 31, 2021.
  2. ^ "How The X-Files helped shape modern fandom — including shipping". SYFY. March 20, 2018. Archived from the original on March 6, 2021.
  3. ^ a b Kircher, Madison Malone (August 3, 2015). "'I ship them' — the strange concept that's changing the way people talk about relationships". Business Insider. Archived from the original on January 12, 2021. Retrieved May 30, 2021.
  4. ^ a b Wax, Alyse (May 21, 2020). "The potency of Fox Mulder's sportswear, from the red Speedo to Georgetown sweats". SYFYaccess-date=May 31, 2021. Archived from the original on February 23, 2021.
  5. ^ a b Etman, Colleen (June 28, 2018). "Why We Need to End Toxic Shipping As A Fandom Community". ComicsVerse. Archived from the original on January 25, 2021. Retrieved May 31, 2021.
  6. ^ Iovine, Anna (November 20, 2019). "It's time to add Internet slang 'ship' to the dictionary". Mashable. Archived from the original on December 3, 2020. Retrieved May 31, 2021.
  7. ^ "ship, n.3". Oxford English Dictionary (Online ed.). Oxford University Press. (Subscription or participating institution membership required.)
  8. ^ "shipper, n.2". Oxford English Dictionary (Online ed.). Oxford University Press. (Subscription or participating institution membership required.)
  9. ^ "shipping, n.2". Oxford English Dictionary (Online ed.). Oxford University Press. (Subscription or participating institution membership required.)
  10. ^ "ship, v.2". Oxford English Dictionary (Online ed.). Oxford University Press. (Subscription or participating institution membership required.)
  11. ^ Morton, Ella (December 29, 2015). "The X-Files "I Want to Believe" Poster's Origin Story". The New Republic. Archived from the original on May 21, 2021. Retrieved May 31, 2021.
  12. ^ Zimmer, Ben (January 29, 2016). "As the 'X-Files' Returns, So Do 'Shippers'". Wall Street Journal. Archived from the original on September 3, 2017. Retrieved May 31, 2021.
  13. ^ a b Gonzalez, Victoria M. (2016). "Swan Queen, shipping, and boundary regulation in fandom". Transformative Works and Cultures. 22. doi:10.3983/twc.2016.0669.
  14. ^ a b c d e Romano, Aja (June 7, 2016). "Canon, fanon, shipping and more: a glossary of the tricky terminology that makes up fan culture". Vox. Archived from the original on March 20, 2021. Retrieved May 30, 2021.
  15. ^ "Words We're Watching: 'OTP'". Merriam-Webster. Archived from the original on March 29, 2021. Retrieved May 30, 2021.
  16. ^ Johnson, Ruth (March 26, 2021). "FANDOM FLAMES: Rarepair shipping, the loneliest game". Comics Beat. Archived from the original on March 27, 2021. Retrieved May 30, 2021.
  17. ^ Balkind, Nicola (2014). "Consumption Becomes Production: Fan Creations and The Hunger Games". Fan Phenomena: The Hunger Games. Bristol, United Kingdom: Intellect Books. pp. 133, 143. ISBN 978-1783202843.
  18. ^ Frank, Allegra (December 20, 2016). "New Overwatch comic may have sunk your favorite 'ships'". Polygon. Archived from the original on March 7, 2018. Retrieved May 30, 2021.
  19. ^ a b c Callis, Vera S. (2016). "Homophobia, heteronormativity, and slash fan fiction". Transformative Works and Cultures. 22. doi:10.3983/twc.2016.0708.
  20. ^ Cuntz-Leng, Vera (2014). "Twinship, incest, and twincest in the Harry Potter universe". Transformative Works and Cultures. 17. doi:10.3983/twc.2014.0576.
  21. ^ a b Schwabach, Aaron (2016). Fan Fiction and Copyright: Outsider Works and Intellectual Property Protection. London: Routledge. p. 11. ISBN 9781317136453. Ships are often given names, such as HMS Harmony (for Harry Potter and Hermoine from the Harry Potter Universe) or Zutara (for Zuko and Katara from the animated television show Avatar: The Last Airbender).
  22. ^ Haasch, Parker (December 7, 2020). "A straight Star Wars pairing topped Tumblr's overwhelmingly queer 2020 relationship list". Insider. Archived from the original on May 31, 2021. Retrieved May 31, 2021.
  23. ^ Tenbarge, Kat (November 19, 2020). "'Supernatural's' queer fandom kept it alive for 15 years, but the show never gave them what they really wanted". Insider. Archived from the original on May 31, 2021. Retrieved May 31, 2021.
  24. ^ Rude, Mey (September 5, 2018). "Bubbline Is CANON: 7 Gayest Moments From Adventure Time's Cutest Relationship". .them. Archived from the original on March 12, 2021. Retrieved May 31, 2021.
  25. ^ Baker-Whitelaw, Gavia (November 28, 2018). "Fandom infighting dominated Tumblr in 2018". The Daily Dot. Archived from the original on April 18, 2020. Retrieved May 31, 2021.
  26. ^ Rosenfield, Kat (January 21, 2016). "A Brief History of Mulder and Scully's Once-Controversial Romance". Vulture. Archived from the original on April 6, 2021. Retrieved May 31, 2021.
  27. ^ White, Abbey (June 15, 2021). "TV animators were forced to scrap LGBTQ-inclusive storylines due to a culture of fear. Experts say fans are changing that". Insider. Archived from the original on June 16, 2021. Retrieved June 16, 2021.
  28. ^ King, Jade (May 22, 2022). "Amphibia's Finale Has Shown The True Potential Of Headcanons". TheGamer. Archived from the original on May 26, 2022. Retrieved June 23, 2022.
  29. ^ Colbert, Isaiah (November 25, 2024). "Arcane's Long-Awaited Hookup Was Originally Longer and Steamier". Gizmodo. Archived from the original on November 26, 2024. Retrieved November 26, 2024. Release the Caitvi cut.
  30. ^ King, Jade (November 10, 2022). "The Arcane Crew Definitely Knows How Horny The Fandom Is". TheGamer. Archived from the original on November 10, 2022. Retrieved November 26, 2024. Even though a year has passed since the show's debut, we're still obsessed with CaitVi
  31. ^ King, Jade (November 23, 2024). "Arcane Finally Gave Fans What They Were Waiting For With A Spicy Scene In The Finale". TheGamer. Archived from the original on November 24, 2024. That will be our Caitvi fill for now though, as we're getting no more seasons of Arcane.
  32. ^ DiGirolamo, Cara M. (2012). "The Fandom Pairing Name: Blends and the Phonology-Orthography Interface". Names. 60 (4): 231–243. doi:10.1179/0027773812Z.00000000034. S2CID 62182458.
  33. ^ @chronoa01 (May 18, 2019). "Naming ships is a sensitive fandom culture in Japan and Korea.(I'm not sure about cases in other countries) Many fr..." (Tweet) – via Twitter.
  34. ^ Bothe, Gemma (July 2014). 'If fandom jumped off a bridge, it would be onto a ship': An examination of conflict that occurs though shipping in fandom (PDF). Australian and New Zealand Communication Association Conference (ANZCA) 2014. Melbourne, Australia. p. 7. Archived from the original on October 15, 2022.
  35. ^ Williams, Rebecca (May 2011). "Containing the Audience: The 'Room' in Stand-Up Comedy" (PDF). University of Kent, UK. Participations: Journal of Audience & Reception Studies. 8 (1): 271–272, 275–278. Archived from the original (PDF) on July 17, 2020. Retrieved May 31, 2021.
  36. ^ Hale-Stern, Kale (December 5, 2019). "Let Us Gaze Upon 2019's 20 Most Popular Fandom Ships on Tumblr". The Mary Sue. Archived from the original on February 15, 2020. Retrieved May 31, 2021.
  37. ^ Grimes, Hannah (March 1, 2021). "RWBY: 15 Stunning Weiss Cosplay You Need To See". CBR. Archived from the original on July 27, 2020. Retrieved May 31, 2021.
  38. ^ Russo, Julie Levin (2017). "Femslash goggles: Fan vids with commentary by creators". Transformative Works and Cultures. 24. doi:10.3983/twc.2017.01026.
  39. ^ Pande, Rukmini; Moitra, Swati (2017). ""Yes, the Evil Queen is Latina!": Racial dynamics of online femslash fandoms". Transformative Works and Cultures. 24. doi:10.3983/twc.2017.01026.
  40. ^ [https://theculturetrip.com/asia/japan/articles/the-daring-appeal-of-yaoi-and-yuri-manga The Daring Appeal Of Yaoi And Yuri Manga The Culture Trip. Retrieved 30 December 2016.
  41. ^ a b Ng, Eve; Russo, Julie Levin (2017). "Envisioning queer female fandom". Transformative Works and Cultures. 24. doi:10.3983/twc.2017.01168.
  42. ^ Zheng, Guang-Quan; Lee, Ya-Ching (2022). "Do Only Fujoshi Enjoy Tanbi? A Study of Chinese Fudanshi's Motivations for Liking Tanbi CP in Domestic TV Series". Mass Communication Research. 153 (153): 141–194. doi:10.30386/MCR.202210.0019.
  43. ^ Allington, Daniel (March 2007). ""How Come Most People Don't See It?": Slashing the Lord of the Rings". Social Semiotics. 17 (1): 43–62. doi:10.1080/10350330601124650. S2CID 143324395.
  44. ^ Wang, Yiran (2017). Resistance and Compromise under Power Structures of Sexuality: A Case Study on Real Person Slash Fans in China (Masters). Lund University. pp. 1–3, 8–10. Retrieved May 31, 2021.
  45. ^ Ingulsrud, John E.; Allen, Kate (2009). Reading Japan Cool: Patterns of Manga Literacy and Discourse. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 57. ISBN 978-0-7391-2753-7.
  46. ^ Kazumi Nagaike (2015). "Do Heterosexual Men Dream of Homosexual Men?: BL Fudanshi and Discourse on Male Feminization". Boys' Love Manga and Beyond : History, Culture, and Community in Japan. Jackson: University Press of Mississippi. p. 192. ISBN 9781626740662.
  47. ^ "Fanfic: is it right to write?". The Age. January 2, 2004. Archived from the original on November 20, 2010.
  48. ^ Woledge, Elizabeth (August 2005) "Decoding Desire: From Kirk and Spock to K/S1" Social Semiotics, Volume 15, Issue 2 August 2005, pages 235–250 doi:10.1080/10350330500154857
  49. ^ Watson, Zebbie (May 27, 2016). "Exploring the First Frontier Of Slash Fiction". Inverse. Archived from the original on January 15, 2021. Retrieved May 31, 2021.
  50. ^ "Star Trek: Spock, Kirk and Slash Fiction". Newsweek. May 4, 2009. Archived from the original on January 26, 2021. Retrieved May 31, 2021.
  51. ^ Morrison, Evan (August 3, 2012). "In the beginning, there was fan fiction: from the four gospels to Fifty Shades". The Guardian. Archived from the original on February 9, 2021.
  52. ^ Davies, Morgan Leigh (September 19, 2013). "A Brief History of Slash". The Toast. Archived from the original on January 26, 2021. Retrieved May 31, 2021.
  53. ^ Bacon-Smith, Camille. "Spock Among the Women." New York Times Sunday Book Review, November 16, 1986.
  54. ^ Norman Bryson; Michael Ann Holly & Keith P. F. Moxey (1994). "Feminism, Psychoanalysis, and Popular Culture". Visual Culture: Images and Interpretations. Wesleyan University Press. pp. 304–305. ISBN 978-0-8195-6267-8.
  55. ^ Döring, Nicola (2021). "Erotic Fan Fiction". In Lykins, Amy (ed.). Encyclopedia of Sexuality and Gender (Living ed.). Cham: Springer. pp. 1–8. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-59531-3_65-1. ISBN 978-3-319-59531-3. OCLC 1109843175. S2CID 229183598.
  56. ^ a b c Tosenberger, Catherine (2008). "Homosexuality at the Online Hogwarts: Harry Potter Slash Fanfiction". Children's Literature. 36: 185–207. doi:10.1353/chl.0.0017. S2CID 143937185.
  57. ^ Sinclair, Jenna (October 15, 2013). "Short History of Kirk/Spock Slash". Archived from the original on January 28, 2021. Retrieved May 31, 2021.
  58. ^ Falzone, P.J. (2005). "The Final Frontier Is Queer: Aberrancy, Archetype and Audience Generated Folklore in K/S Slashfiction". Western Folklore. 64 (3/4): 243–261. JSTOR 25474751.
  59. ^ a b Laura, Marcus; Peter Nicholls (2004). The Cambridge history of twentieth-century English literature. Cambridge University Press. p. 798. ISBN 978-0-521-82077-6.
  60. ^ Kustritz, Anne (September 2003). "Slashing the Romance Narrative" (PDF). The Journal of American Culture. 26 (3): 371–384. doi:10.1111/1542-734X.00098.
  61. ^ Lo, Malinda, ed. (January 4, 2006). "Fan Fiction Comes Out of the Closet". AfterEllen.com. p. 1. Archived from the original on January 17, 2008. Retrieved July 19, 2007.
  62. ^ Herzing, Melissa Jean (April 2005). The Internet World of Fan Fiction (Masters). Virginia Commonwealth University. Retrieved May 31, 2021.
  63. ^ Hellekson, Karen; Busse, Kristina (2006). Fan Fiction and Fan Communities in the Age of the Internet: New Essays. Jefferson: McFarland.
  64. ^ Thomas, A (2006). "Fan fiction online: engagement, critical response and affective play through writing". Australian Journal of Language & Literacy. 29: 226–239.
  65. ^ Elderkin, Beth (May 18, 2020). "She-Ra's Noelle Stevenson Tells Us How Difficult It Was to Bring Adora and Catra Home". Gizmodo. Archived from the original on May 20, 2020. Retrieved May 19, 2020.
  66. ^ Steele, Amanda (February 7, 2021). "MCU: 10 Polyamorous Fan Fiction Ships We Wish Were Real". Screen Rant. Archived from the original on February 7, 2021. Retrieved May 31, 2021.
  67. ^ Lawrence, Briana (March 10, 2021). "Super Mario Brothers Is the Story of a Polyship in the Middle of an Epic Roleplay, in This Essay I Will—". The Mary Sue. Archived from the original on March 16, 2021. Retrieved May 31, 2021.
  68. ^ Steele, Amanda (April 29, 2021). "Lord of the Rings: 10 Polyamorous Fan Fiction Ships We Wish Were Real". Screen Rant. Archived from the original on May 7, 2021. Retrieved May 31, 2021.
  69. ^ Mandelo, Lee (August 31, 2010). "Queering SFF: Where's the Polyamory?". Tor.com. Archived from the original on November 25, 2020.
  70. ^ Shawl, Nisa (August 29, 2016). "Five Books about Loving Everybody". Tor.com. Archived from the original on February 27, 2021.
  71. ^ Mandelo, Lee (September 20, 2018). "Life for Death for Life: Strange Grace by Tessa Gratton". Tor.com. Archived from the original on May 19, 2020. Retrieved May 31, 2021.
  72. ^ Polo, Susana (October 16, 2019). "X-Men #1 might have solved the longest-running mutant love triangle". Polygon. Archived from the original on February 18, 2021. Retrieved May 31, 2021.
  73. ^ Hampton, Darlene Rose (2015). "Bound princes and monogamy warnings: Harry Potter, slash, and queer performance in LiveJournal communities". Transformative Works and Cultures. 18. doi:10.3983/twc.2015.0609.
  74. ^ Kies, Bridget (2011). "One true threesome: Reconciling canon and fan desire in Star Trek: Voyager". Transformative Works and Cultures. 8. doi:10.3983/twc.2011.0248.
  75. ^ Rayne, Elizabeth (February 14, 2020). "11 interspecies couples who prove love is love". SYFY. Archived from the original on March 3, 2021. Retrieved May 31, 2021.
  76. ^ Zekany, Eva (December 30, 2015). ""A Horrible Interspecies Awkwardness Thing": (Non)Human Desire in the Mass Effect Universe". Bulletin of Science, Technology & Society. 36 (1): 67–77. doi:10.1177/0270467615624565. S2CID 147533261. Retrieved May 31, 2021.
  77. ^ Roberts, Sharon; Plante, Courtney; Gerbasi, Kathleen C.; Reysen, Stephen (December 2015). "The Anthrozoomorphic Identity: Furry Fandom Members' Connections to Nonhuman Animals". Anthrozoös. 28 (4): 533–548. doi:10.1177/0270467615624565. S2CID 147533261. Retrieved May 31, 2021.
  78. ^ "Roundtable: Age-gap relationships in fiction". Anime Feminist. January 26, 2018. Archived from the original on February 3, 2021. Retrieved June 1, 2021.
  79. ^ Tsintziras, Aya (December 3, 2019). "Dawson's Creek: 5 Couples That Are Perfect Together (& 5 That Make No Sense)". Screen Rant. Archived from the original on December 4, 2019. Retrieved June 1, 2021.
  80. ^ Bulten, Izak (March 13, 2020). "Demon Slayer: 5 Pairings That Would Make A Lot Of Sense (& 5 That Would Be Awful)". CBR. Archived from the original on March 14, 2020. Retrieved June 1, 2021.
  81. ^ Steele, Amanda (April 15, 2020). "Shipping Discourse: Do Ships Need to Be Unproblematic?". The Mary Sue. Archived from the original on February 20, 2021. Retrieved June 1, 2021.
  82. ^ Wyatt, Cat (December 17, 2019). "InuYasha: 5 Relationships Fans Got Behind (& 5 They Rejected)". CBR. Archived from the original on March 27, 2021. Retrieved June 1, 2021.
  83. ^ Peters, Megan (July 28, 2020). "Avatar Fans Are Going to War Over Katara Ships All Thanks to Netflix". ComicBook. Archived from the original on August 28, 2020. Retrieved June 1, 2021.
  84. ^ Wyatt, Cat (February 10, 2020). "My Hero Academia: 5 Potential Romances Fans Love (& 5 They Can't Get Behind)". CBR. Archived from the original on March 12, 2020. Retrieved May 31, 2021.
  85. ^ Wyatt, Cat (October 9, 2019). "Pokémon: 5 Relationships Fans Were Behind In The Anime (& 5 They Never Want To See)". CBR. Archived from the original on April 13, 2021. Retrieved May 31, 2021.
  86. ^ Cohen, Sarah (June 22, 2017). "15 TV Show Couples NO ONE Saw Coming". Screen Rant. Archived from the original on June 28, 2017. Retrieved May 31, 2021.
  87. ^ Ridgely, Charlie (December 20, 2020). "Cobra Kai Season 3:Ralph Macchio Addresses if Johnny and Daniel Will Work Together". Comicbook. Archived from the original on January 21, 2021. Retrieved June 1, 2021.
  88. ^ Torn, Simone (January 15, 2020). "Harry Potter: 5 Ships That Every Fan Can Get Behind (5 That Make No Sense)". Screen Rant. Archived from the original on January 16, 2020. Retrieved June 1, 2021.
  89. ^ Daley, Katerina (October 31, 2019). "Star Wars: 10 Fan Fiction Relationships We Wish Were Real". Screen Rant. Archived from the original on June 1, 2021. Retrieved June 1, 2021.
  90. ^ Hair, Michelle (July 3, 2018). "6 Things We Want in the 'Daria' Reboot". Fandom. Archived from the original on November 9, 2020.
  91. ^ Chavez, Danette (September 13, 2016). "10 episodes of Daria that prove she gave a damn". The A.V. Club. Archived from the original on March 17, 2018. Retrieved June 1, 2021.
  92. ^ "Episode #413: "Dye! Dye! My Darling"". Outpost Daria. August 2, 2000. Archived from the original on February 17, 2012. Retrieved July 21, 2012.
  93. ^ "DARIA Definitive Chapter 3". MTV. March 9, 2006. Archived from the original on November 2, 2012. Retrieved July 21, 2012.
  94. ^ "Twenty (Nineteen) Questions with Glenn Eichler". The-wildone.com. March 16, 2005. Archived from the original on August 22, 2015. Retrieved July 21, 2012.
  95. ^ "Follow-up Questions (Set #4) with Glenn Eichler". The-wildone.com. January 2, 2006. Archived from the original on February 25, 2012. Retrieved July 21, 2012.
  96. ^ Redding, Shane (April 14, 2021). "Harry Potter: 10 Scenes That Prove Ron & Hermione Were Soulmates". Screen Rant.
  97. ^ Graceling-Moore, Rose (April 16, 2021). "Harry Potter: Tracing Harry & Ginny's Relationship Timeline, Movie By Movie". Screen Rant.
  98. ^ Sanderson, Sara (March 18, 2021). "Harry Potter: 24 Crazy Revelations About Snape And Lily's Relationship". Screen Rant. Archived from the original on October 3, 2018. Retrieved May 31, 2021.
  99. ^ Sharp, Nathan (July 14, 2020). "Harry Potter: 10 Important Details You Didn't Know About Sirius and Remus's Friendship". Screen Rant. Archived from the original on December 8, 2020. Retrieved May 31, 2021.
  100. ^ Littlechild, Chris (February 1, 2020). "Harry Potter: 10 Reasons Why Sirius & Lupin Aren't Real Friends". Screen Rant. Archived from the original on April 11, 2021. Retrieved May 31, 2021.
  101. ^ Sims, Andrew (July 31, 2013). "J.K. Rowling reveals detailed story of how Tonks and Lupin met, Remus' patronus". Hypable. Archived from the original on May 31, 2021. Retrieved May 31, 2021.
  102. ^ Steele, Amanda (December 20, 2019). "Harry Potter: 5 Reasons Harry and Draco Would Make a Great Couple (& 5 They'd Be Awful Together)". Screen Rant. Archived from the original on May 31, 2021. Retrieved May 31, 2021.
  103. ^ Leroy, Kath (February 15, 2021). "Harry Potter: The Best Harry/Draco Ship Memes". Screen Rant. Archived from the original on May 31, 2021. Retrieved May 31, 2021.
  104. ^ Tanjeem, Namera (December 11, 2019). "15 Must-Read Erotic Dramione Fan Fictions". Book Riot. Archived from the original on November 28, 2020. Retrieved May 31, 2021.
  105. ^ Moghbelpour, Zarreen (April 17, 2021). "Harry Potter: 10 Best Fremione Ship Memes". Screen Rant. Archived from the original on April 28, 2021. Retrieved May 31, 2021.
  106. ^ "Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban". C-Span. October 20, 1999. Archived from the original on July 2, 2022. Retrieved July 21, 2012. Quote at 34:15.
  107. ^ Brown, Stephen (2011) [2007]. "Harry Potter and the Fandom Menace" (PDF). In Cova, Bernard; Kozinets, Rober V.; Shankar, Avi (eds.). Consumer Tribes (PDF) (Third ed.). London: Routledge. p. 189. ISBN 978-0-7506-8024-0. Archived (PDF) from the original on May 31, 2021.
  108. ^ Chonin, Neva (August 3, 2005). "If you're an obsessed Harry Potter fan, Voldemort isn't the problem. It's Hermione versus Ginny". San Francisco Chronicle. Archived from the original on January 26, 2021. Retrieved May 31, 2021.
  109. ^ McBride, Clare (May 16, 2018). "The fall of fandom etiquette and the rise of the ship war". SYFY. Archived from the original on February 16, 2021. Retrieved November 27, 2024.
  110. ^ Anelli, Melissa; Spartz, Emerson (July 16, 2005). "The Leaky Cauldron and MuggleNet interview Joanne Kathleen Rowling: Part Two". The Leaky Cauldron. Archived from the original on July 23, 2005. Retrieved July 1, 2022.
  111. ^ West, Kelly (February 7, 2014). "What J.K. Rowling Actually Said About Hermione's Relationships With Ron And Harry". Cinema Blend. Archived from the original on February 27, 2021. Retrieved May 31, 2021.
  112. ^ Flood, Alison (February 10, 2014). "JK Rowling backtracks on 'Harry Potter heresy'". The Guardian. Archived from the original on November 11, 2020. Retrieved July 16, 2021.
  113. ^ Erbland, Kate (March 2, 2014). "Emma Watson Defends J.K. Rowling's Controversial Ron And Hermione Comments". MTV.com. Archived from the original on October 22, 2022. Retrieved October 21, 2023.
  114. ^ "Xena Virtual Seasons". Archived from the original on September 14, 2008.
  115. ^ "Xena Fanfics" (in Spanish). Eidel. Archived from the original on July 1, 2008. Retrieved June 1, 2021.
  116. ^ "Xena Fanfics out of the closet". Lo. Archived from the original on January 17, 2008. Retrieved January 13, 2008.
  117. ^ a b Young, Cathy (September 1, 2005). "What we owe Xena". Salon. Archived from the original on December 6, 2008.
  118. ^ Leonard, Andrew (July 3, 1997). "Who Owns Xena". Salon. Archived from the original on April 2, 2008. Retrieved June 1, 2021.
  119. ^ Lorenz, Nancy (2000). "The Discrimination in the XenaVerse: News and Views from the Great Divide". Whoosh!. No. 43. Online. Archived from the original on January 25, 2021. Retrieved June 1, 2021.
  120. ^ "Letters to the Editor". Whoosh!. No. 44. Online. 2000. Archived from the original on March 8, 2021. Retrieved June 1, 2021.
  121. ^ "Lucy Lawless [Interview]". Lesbian News. Vol. 28, no. 6. lucylawless.info. January 2003. Archived from the original on March 5, 2004. Retrieved June 1, 2021.
  122. ^ "Katherine Fugate Responds". Katherine Fugate Online. Archived from the original on December 30, 2007. Retrieved March 6, 2009.
  123. ^ Balino, Thomas (June 11, 2020). "Avatar: The Last Airbender - 10 Suki Fan Art Pictures That Are Stunning". CBR. Archived from the original on May 14, 2022. Retrieved November 27, 2024. ...Suki and her husband [Sokka]...often called "Sukka" when together by the fandom
  124. ^ Stewart, Brandon (December 10, 2020). "Avatar: Sokka Has Beaten Katara Where It Counts - Tumblr's Shipping Wars". CBR. Archived from the original on December 16, 2020. Retrieved November 27, 2024. With Tumblr's 2020 Year in Review, however, it looks like increasingly Avatar fans are moving beyond the shipping wars of years past and taking a third option: Zuko and Sokka are the hot new ship setting sail.
  125. ^ Cite error: The named reference cbrnoncanon was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  126. ^ a b Radulovic, Petrana; Millman, Zosha; Diaz, Ana (February 14, 2024). "Let's settle this: Who had the best relationship on Avatar: The Last Airbender?". Polygon. Archived from the original on March 12, 2024. Retrieved November 27, 2024. The battle between shippers has calmed, somewhat, in the years since the show went off the air. But these are still deeply held beliefs about how AtLA should've paired people off
  127. ^ a b Kemner, Louis (June 23, 2022). "The 10 Most Wholesome Avatar Ships, Ranked". CBR. Archived from the original on June 17, 2024. Retrieved November 27, 2024. Some ships may be downright weird or unpopular, but plenty of other ships are wholesome, healthy, and even inspiring to think about, with plenty of Avatar's main ships being "relationship goals."
  128. ^ Bruce, Amanda; Roehler, Stephanie (March 15, 2024). "Avatar: 30 Wild Revelations About Aang And Katara's Relationship". Screenrant. Archived from the original on April 22, 2024. Retrieved November 27, 2024. Fandoms can be contentious when it comes to relationships among the main characters, and that's certainly the case when it comes to fans who might prefer Katara with Zuko, or fans who prefer Katara with Aang.
  129. ^ Perez, Rosa (August 25, 2024). "10 Reasons Why Katara Should Have Ended Up With Zuko". CBR. Archived from the original on August 26, 2024. Retrieved November 27, 2024. The series ended with she and Aang kissing in front of a beautiful sunset, but in spite of the two having gone on to live a happy life together, fans—to this day—are still reeling over the fact that Katara should have ended up with Zuko.
  130. ^ CBR Staff (January 26, 2019). "Avatar: 20 Weird Things About Aang And Katara's Relationship (That Fans Ignore)". CBR. Archived from the original on July 8, 2022. Retrieved November 27, 2024.
  131. ^ Steele, Amanda (March 9, 2021). "Avatar: 8 Reasons Why Katara Should Be With Aang (& 7 Why She Should Be With Zuko)". CBR. Archived from the original on April 6, 2023. Retrieved November 27, 2024.
  132. ^ de Bont, Rincke (September 2014). The Appreciation of Storybending: An Exploration of Reviewing Practices in Online Avatar Fan Fiction (Master's thesis). Tilburg University. pp. 29, 40, 45, 49, 51, 67, 72, 76–80, 88–92, 98–9, 101, 103–5, 116. Archived from the original on April 27, 2023. Retrieved November 27, 2024.
  133. ^ a b Clute, Emily (August 16, 2021). "Why Netflix's Avatar Cast Means A Katara/Zuko Romance Is Actually Possible". Screenrant. Archived from the original on June 16, 2022. Retrieved November 27, 2024. ...with that adaptation comes the possibility of a romance between Katara and Zuko...The ship...has become one of the most popular in the Avatar fandom; thousands of fanfictions for the relationship can be found across multiple platforms, and fan art and cosplays can be found across the internet.
  134. ^ a b Cross, Taylor (May 21, 2020). "Avatar: The Last Airbender: Reflecting on Zutara and What Could Have Been". The Mary Sue. Archived from the original on May 29, 2024. Retrieved November 27, 2024.
  135. ^ a b Stitch (February 25, 2022). "On Shipping, Ship Wars, and the Fight to Be Right". Teen Vogue. Archived from the original on April 3, 2024. Retrieved November 27, 2024. When Avatar the Last Airbender was on air, it was the source of one of the biggest ship wars between 2005 and 2008, so much so that it continues to this day on some parts of the internet.
  136. ^ TG Staff (November 8, 2017). "Avatar: The Last Airbender: 20 Surprising Facts About Katara". TheGamer. Archived from the original on March 29, 2024. Retrieved November 27, 2024.
  137. ^ a b Pitre, Jake (2017). "Rated Q for Queer: The Legend of Korra and the Evolution of Queer Reading" (PDF). Red Feather Journal. 8 (2): 29–30. Retrieved November 27, 2024. There were plenty of Makorra shippers out there, so if we had gone back on our decision and gotten those characters back together, would that have meant we caved in to those fans instead?….Trust me, I remember Kataang vs. Zutara Originally printed here
  138. ^ Stevenson, Rick (September 15, 2021). "ATLA Star On Whether Katara Should've Ended Up With Aang or Zuko". Screenrant. Archived from the original on August 5, 2022. Retrieved November 27, 2024.
  139. ^ Peters, Megan (July 28, 2020). "Avatar Fans Are Going to War Over Katara Ships All Thanks to Netflix". ComicBook. Archived from the original on July 23, 2024. Retrieved November 27, 2024. This post immediately piqued interest as the shipping war between Katara x Zuko and Katara x Aang is still going on today. Despite the show's age, the fandom is not over the heroine's love life, and Netflix reopened the wound.
  140. ^ Lacson, Therese (February 26, 2024). "'Avatar: The Last Airbender' Showrunner Teases Hints to Katara's Future Romance". Collider. Archived from the original on June 18, 2024. Retrieved November 27, 2024.
  141. ^ a b IGN Staff (December 24, 2014). "The Legend of Korra: IGN Editors React to the Ending and Korrasami". IGN. Archived from the original on March 28, 2019. Retrieved November 26, 2024.
  142. ^ Ung, Lily (August 3, 2012). "Weekend of Awesomeness Weekend!". Sunburst. Vol. 52, no. 1. Issuu. Retrieved November 26, 2024. Joining together in the living room we all enjoyed our morning breakfast with a side of Legend of Korra (um, team Makorra)
  143. ^ a b Konietzko, Bryan (December 22, 2014). "Korrasami is canon". Tumblr. Archived from the original on February 8, 2020. Retrieved April 11, 2020.
  144. ^ Mak, Philip (March 26, 2018). "Five family-friendly LGBTQ animated series for Pride Month". Toon Boom. Archived from the original on July 13, 2019. Retrieved March 29, 2020.
  145. ^ a b Robinson, Joanna (December 19, 2014). "How a Nickelodeon Cartoon Became One of the Most Powerful, Subversive Shows of 2014". Vanity Fair. Archived from the original on July 12, 2015. Retrieved November 26, 2024.
  146. ^ DiMartino, Michael; Konietzko, Bryan; Dos Santos, Joaquim (2013). "The Spirit of Competition/And the Winner Is...". The Legend of Korra—The Art of the Animated Series, Book One: Air. Dark Horse Comics. pp. 88–89. ISBN 978-1-61655-168-1.
  147. ^ Pande, Rukmini; Moitra, Swati (2017). ""Yes, the Evil Queen is Latina!": Racial dynamics of online femslash fandoms". Transformative Works and Cultures. 24. doi:10.3983/twc.2017.0908.
  148. ^ Grimes, Rae (May 3, 2024). "9 Avatar: The Last Airbender & The Legend of Korra Relationships Fans Wish Were Canon". CBR. Archived from the original on May 12, 2024. Retrieved November 26, 2024.
  149. ^ Locke, Alexandra (June 18, 2022). "The 10 Most Wholesome Legend Of Korra Ships, Ranked". CBR. Archived from the original on June 20, 2022. Retrieved November 26, 2024. Kai and Jinora began an adorable romance that reminded audiences of what it was like to fall in love for the first time. Even though they faced many challenges, they managed to stay together through it all — further emphasizing the power of young love.
  150. ^ a b Konietzko, Bryan; DiMartino, Michael (April 19, 2015). "The Legend of Korra: An Interview with Bryan Konietzko and Michael Dante DiMartino". Sequart Magazine (Interview). Interviewed by Matthew Berg-Johnsen. Archived from the original on April 22, 2024. Retrieved November 27, 2024.
  151. ^ Chirdo, Maggie (July 21, 2020). "Feeling Sapphic: How Velma Shaped Lesbian Culture". Bitch. Archived from the original on September 14, 2021. Retrieved September 28, 2021.
  152. ^ Ehrhardt, Michelle (December 23, 2014). "Understanding Korra's Queer Ending". Out. Archived from the original on August 10, 2021. Retrieved November 26, 2024. Dubbed "Korrasami" by fans,
  153. ^ a b Colbert, Isaiah (November 25, 2024). "Arcane's Long-Awaited Hookup Was Originally Longer and Steamier". Gizmodo. Archived from the original on November 26, 2024. Retrieved November 26, 2024. Their love scene is already being regarded among queer fans with the same enthusiasm as The Legend of Korra's Korrasami ship. Knowing that what fans saw was the watered-down version will only lead to them feeling as thirsty as they were before they received the big moment.
  154. ^ Asher-Perrin, Emmet (December 22, 2014). "Legend of Korra's Finale and the Problem With "Fan Service"". Reactor Magazine. Archived from the original on November 27, 2024. Retrieved November 26, 2024. But some people are calling it "fan service" because plenty of LoK fans were pushing for the Korrasami pairing, and the creators knew it
  155. ^ DiMartino, Mike (December 22, 2014). "Korrasami Confirmed". Tumblr. Archived from the original on December 23, 2014. Retrieved December 23, 2014.
  156. ^ Fitzpatrick, Kevin (March 4, 2015). "'Legend of Korra' Creator Reveals Official Korrasami Art, You Gotta Deal With It". screencrush.com. Archived from the original on March 16, 2015. Retrieved March 18, 2015.
  157. ^ Harding, Xavier. "'Legend Of Korra' Korrasami: Konietzko Reveals Official Korrasami Artwork, Gallery Exhibit Profits To Go Towards LBGTQ Suicide Prevention". iDigitalTimes. Archived from the original on March 9, 2015. Retrieved March 18, 2015.
  158. ^ DiMartino, Michael; Konietzko, Bryan; Dos Santos, Joaquim (2022) [2015]. "Ancillary Art". The Legend of Korra—The Art of the Animated Series, Book Four: Balance (second ed.). Dark Horse Comics. pp. 184–185. ISBN 978-1-50672-187-3.
  159. ^ Konietzko, Bryan (June 26, 2015). "Onward and Upward". Tumblr. Archived from the original on July 2, 2015. Retrieved July 1, 2015.
  160. ^ Osborn, Alex (June 27, 2015). "Comic-Con: Avatar: The Last Airbender and The Legend of Korra Panel Will Tease the Future". IGN. Archived from the original on June 29, 2015. Retrieved June 27, 2015.
  161. ^ Mey (August 1, 2017). "Drawn to Comics: "Legend of Korra: Turf Wars" Answers Your Korrasami Prayers by Being Really Gay". Autostraddle. Archived from the original on August 5, 2018. Retrieved August 5, 2018.
  162. ^ Holub, Christian (August 8, 2017). "Legend of Korra comic team talks Korrasami, queer representation". Entertainment Weekly. Archived from the original on March 30, 2018. Retrieved August 3, 2018.
  163. ^ Patches, Matt (October 10, 2024). "Netflix's Tomb Raider takes Lara Croft out of Conrad Roth's shadow with a long-lost BFF". Polygon. Archived from the original on October 20, 2024. Retrieved October 20, 2024. Between Camilla flustering Lara with "Are you dating anyone?" to the occasional caress that snaps into fist-pump, the repaired relationship has Korrasami vibes.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Shipping_(fandom)&oldid=1259880060"