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Fay Wray

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Not to be confused with Fayray or Fay Ray.

Fay Wray
1942 studio publicity portrait
Born
Vina Fay Wray

(1907-09-15)September 15, 1907
Cardston, Alberta, Canada
DiedAugust 8, 2004(2004-08-08) (aged 96)
New York City, U.S.
Resting placeHollywood Forever Cemetery in Los Angeles, California
OccupationActress
Years active1923–1980
Spouses
​
​
(m. 1928; div. 1939)​
​
​
(m. 1942; died 1955)​
Sanford Rothenberg
​
​
(m. 1971; died 1991)​
Children3, including Victoria Riskin

Vina Fay Wray (September 15, 1907 – August 8, 2004) was a Canadian-American actress best known for starring as Ann Darrow in the 1933 film King Kong. Through an acting career that spanned nearly six decades, Wray attained international recognition as an actress in horror films. She has been dubbed[by whom?] one of the early "scream queens".[citation needed]

After appearing in minor film roles, Wray gained media attention after being selected as one of the "WAMPAS Baby Stars" in 1926. This led to her being contracted to Paramount Pictures as a teenager, where she made more than a dozen feature films. After leaving Paramount, she signed deals with various film companies, being cast in her first horror film roles, in addition to many other types of roles, including in The Bowery (1933) and Viva Villa! (1934), both of which starred Wallace Beery. For RKO Radio Pictures, Inc., Wray starred in the film she is most identified with, King Kong (1933). After the success of King Kong, she made numerous appearances in both film and television, retiring in 1980.

Life and career

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Early life

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Erich von Stroheim and Fay Wray on the set of the film The Wedding March

Wray was born on a ranch near Cardston, Alberta, to parents who were members of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, Elvina Marguerite Jones, who was from Salt Lake City, Utah, and Joseph Heber Wray, who was from Kingston upon Hull, England.[1] She was one of six children[2] and was a granddaughter of LDS pioneer Daniel Webster Jones. Her ancestors came from England, Scotland, Ireland, Northern Ireland, and Wales.[citation needed]

Her family returned to the United States a few years after she was born; they moved to Salt Lake City in 1912[3] and moved to Lark, Utah, in 1914. In 1919, the Wray family returned to Salt Lake City, and then relocated to Hollywood, where Fay attended Hollywood High School.[citation needed]

Early acting career

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Phillips Holmes, William Powell, and Fay Wray in Pointed Heels (1929)
Cesar Romero, Wray, director Richard Thorpe, and cinematographer George Robinson (in background) on the set of Cheating Cheaters (1934)

In 1923, Wray appeared in her first film at the age of 16, when she landed a role in a short historical film sponsored by a local newspaper.[4] In the 1920s, Wray appeared in the silent film The Coast Patrol (1925), as well as uncredited bit parts at the Hal Roach Studios.

In 1926, the Western Association of Motion Picture Advertisers selected Wray as one of the "WAMPAS Baby Stars", a group of women whom they believed to be on the threshold of movie stardom. She was at the time under contract to Universal Studios, mostly co-starring in low-budget Westerns opposite Buck Jones.[citation needed]

The following year, Wray was signed to a contract with Paramount Pictures. In 1926, director Erich von Stroheim cast her as the main female lead in his film The Wedding March, released by Paramount two years later. While the film was noted for its high budget and production values, it was a financial failure. It also gave Wray her first lead role. Wray stayed with Paramount to make more than a dozen films and made the transition from silent films to "talkies".[5]

Horror films and King Kong

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Fay Wray (right) in the 1933 feature film King Kong
Trailer for the 1938 re-release of King Kong (1:31)

After leaving Paramount, Wray signed with other film studios. Under these deals, Wray was cast in several horror films, including Doctor X (1932) and Mystery of the Wax Museum (1933). However, her best known films were produced under her deal with RKO Radio Pictures. Her first film with RKO was The Most Dangerous Game (1932), co-starring Joel McCrea. The production was filmed at night on the same jungle sets that were being used for King Kong during the day, and with Wray and Robert Armstrong starring in both movies.[citation needed]

The Most Dangerous Game was followed by the release of Wray's best remembered film, King Kong. According to Wray, Jean Harlow had been RKO's original choice, but because MGM put Harlow under exclusive contract during the pre-production phase of the film, she became unavailable.[6] Wray was approached by director Merian C. Cooper to play the blonde captive of King Kong; the role of Ann Darrow for which she was paid $10,000 ($200,000 in 2023 dollars) to portray.[7] The film was a commercial success and Wray was reportedly proud that the film saved RKO from bankruptcy.[8]

Later career

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1930 publicity photograph
1953 cast of Pride of the Family: Bobby Hyatt, Wray, Paul Hartman, and Natalie Wood

Wray continued to star in films, including The Richest Girl in the World, but by the early 1940s, her appearances became less frequent. She retired in 1942 after her second marriage but due to financial exigencies she soon resumed her acting career,[7] and over the next three decades, Wray appeared in several films and appeared frequently on television. Wray portrayed Catherine Morrison in the 1953–54 sitcom The Pride of the Family [9] with Natalie Wood playing her daughter. Wray appeared in Queen Bee and The Cobweb, both released in 1955.

Wray appeared in three episodes of Perry Mason: "The Case of the Prodigal Parent" (1958); "The Case of the Watery Witness" (1959), as murder victim Lorna Thomas; and "The Case of the Fatal Fetish" (1965), as voodoo practitioner Mignon Germaine. In 1959, Wray was cast as Tula Marsh in the episode "The Second Happiest Day" of Playhouse 90. Other roles around this time were in the episodes "Dip in the Pool" (1958) and "The Morning After" of CBS's Alfred Hitchcock Presents. In 1960, she appeared as Clara in an episode of 77 Sunset Strip, "Who Killed Cock Robin?" Another 1960 role was that of Mrs. Staunton, with Gigi Perreau as her daughter, in the episode "Flight from Terror" of The Islanders.

Wray appeared in a 1961 episode of The Real McCoys titled "Theatre in the Barn". In 1963, she played Mrs. Brubaker in The Eleventh Hour episode "You're So Smart, Why Can't You Be Good?". She ended her acting career with the 1980 made-for-television film Gideon's Trumpet.

Wray holding her autobiography titled On the Other Hand

In 1988, she published her autobiography On the Other Hand.[10] In her later years, Wray continued to make public appearances. In 1991, she was crowned Queen of the Beaux Arts Ball, presiding with King Herbert Huncke.[11]

She was approached by James Cameron to play the part of Rose Dawson Calvert for his blockbuster Titanic (1997) with Kate Winslet to play her younger self, but she turned down the role, which was subsequently portrayed by Gloria Stuart in an Oscar-nominated performance. She was a special guest at the 70th Academy Awards, where the show's host Billy Crystal introduced her as the "Beauty who charmed the Beast." She was the only 1920s Hollywood actress in attendance that evening. On October 3, 1998, she appeared at the Pine Bluff Film Festival, which showed The Wedding March with live orchestral accompaniment.[citation needed]

In January 2003, the 95-year-old Wray appeared at the 2003 Palm Beach International Film Festival to celebrate the Rick McKay documentary film Broadway: The Golden Age, by the Legends Who Were There, where she was honored with a "Legend in Film" award. In her later years, she visited the Empire State Building frequently; in 1991, she was a guest of honor at the building's 60th anniversary, and in May 2004,[12] she made one of her last public appearances at the ESB. Her final public appearance was at the premiere of the documentary film Broadway: The Golden Age, by the Legends Who Were There in June 2004. [13]

Personal life

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Wray married three times – to writers John Monk Saunders and Robert Riskin and the neurosurgeon Sanford Rothenberg (January 28, 1919 – January 4, 1991).[14] She had three children: Susan Saunders, Victoria Riskin, and Robert Riskin Jr.[15][16]

After returning to the US after finishing The Clairvoyant she became a naturalized citizen of the United States in May 1935.[17]

Death

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Star on Hollywood Walk of Fame at 6349 Hollywood Blvd.

Wray died in her sleep of natural causes on the night of August 8, 2004, in her apartment on Fifth Avenue Manhattan.[18][19] She is interred at the Hollywood Forever Cemetery in Hollywood, California.[20]

Two days after her death, the lights of the Empire State Building were lowered for 15 minutes in her memory.[21]

Honors

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Fay Wray Fountain, Cardston, Alberta

In 1989, Wray was awarded the Women in Film Crystal Award.[22] Wray was honored with a Legend in Film award at the 2003 Palm Beach International Film Festival. For her contribution to the motion picture industry, Wray was honored with a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame at 6349 Hollywood Blvd. She received a star posthumously on Canada's Walk of Fame in Toronto on June 5, 2005. A small park near Lee's Creek on Main Street in Cardston, Alberta, her birthplace, was named Fay Wray Park in her honor. The small sign at the edge of the park on Main Street has a silhouette of King Kong on it, remembering her role in King Kong. A large oil portrait of Wray by Alberta artist Neil Boyle is on display in the Empress Theatre in Fort Macleod, Alberta. In May 2006, Wray became one of the first four entertainers to be honored by Canada Post by being featured on a postage stamp.[citation needed]

Filmography

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Features

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Year Title Role Notes
1925 The Coast Patrol Beth Slocum
A Lover's Oath Uncredited; lost film
Ben-Hur: A Tale of the Christ Slave Girl Unconfirmed, uncredited
1926 The Man in the Saddle Pauline Stewart lost film
The Wild Horse Stampede Jessie Hayden
Lazy Lightning Lila Rogers
1927 Loco Luck Molly Vernon
A One Man Game Roberta
Spurs and Saddles Mildred Orth
1928 The Legion of the Condemned Christine Charteris lost film
The Street of Sin Elizabeth lost film
The First Kiss Anna Lee lost film
The Wedding March Mitzi / Mitzerl Schrammell
1929 The Four Feathers Ethne Eustace
Thunderbolt Ritzie
Pointed Heels Lora Nixon
1930 Behind the Make-Up Marie Gardoni
Paramount on Parade Sweetheart (Dream Girl) Filmed partly in Technicolor
The Texan Consuelo
The Border Legion Joan Randall
The Sea God Daisy
The Honeymoon Mitzi Unreleased
Captain Thunder Ynez
1931 Stub Man
Dirigible Helen Pierce
The Conquering Horde Taisie Lockhart
Not Exactly Gentlemen Lee Carleton
The Finger Points Marcia Collins
The Lawyer's Secret Kay Roberts
The Unholy Garden Camille de Jonghe
1932 Stowaway Mary Foster
Doctor X Joanne Xavier Filmed in Technicolor
The Most Dangerous Game Eve Trowbridge
1933 The Vampire Bat Ruth Bertin
Mystery of the Wax Museum Charlotte Duncan Filmed in Technicolor
King Kong Ann Darrow
Below the Sea Diana
Ann Carver's Profession Ann Carver Graham
The Woman I Stole Vida Carew
Shanghai Madness Wildeth Christie
The Big Brain Cynthia Glennon
One Sunday Afternoon Virginia Brush
The Bowery Lucy Calhoun
Master of Men Kay Walling
1934 Madame Spy Marie Franck
The Countess of Monte Cristo Janet Krueger
Once to Every Woman Mary Fanshane
Viva Villa! Teresa
Black Moon Gail Hamilton
The Affairs of Cellini Angela
The Richest Girl in the World Sylvia Lockwood
Cheating Cheaters Nan Brockton
Woman in the Dark Louise Loring
Mills of the Gods Jean Hastings
1935 The Clairvoyant Rene US title: The Evil Mind
Bulldog Jack Ann Manders
Come Out of the Pantry Hilda Beach-Howard
White Lies Joan Mitchell
1936 When Knights Were Bold Lady Rowena
Roaming Lady Joyce Reid
They Met in a Taxi Mary Trenton
1937 It Happened in Hollywood Gloria Gay
Murder in Greenwich Village Kay Cabot aka Lucky
1938 The Jury's Secret Linda Ware
Smashing the Spy Ring Eleanor Dunlap
1939 Navy Secrets Carol Mathews – Posing as Carol Evans
1940 Wildcat Bus Ted Dawson
1941 Adam Had Four Sons Molly Stoddard
Melody for Three Mary Stanley
1942 Not a Ladies' Man Hester Hunter
1944 This Is the Life — Based on a play by Wray and Sinclair Lewis
1953 Treasure of the Golden Condor Annette, Marquise de St. Malo
Small Town Girl Mrs. Kimbell
1955 The Cobweb Edna Devanal
Queen Bee Sue McKinnon
1956 Hell on Frisco Bay Kay Stanley
Rock, Pretty Baby Beth Daley
1957 Crime of Passion Alice Pope
Tammy and the Bachelor Mrs. Brent
1958 Summer Love Beth Daley
Dragstrip Riot Norma Martin / Mrs. Martin
1962 Wagon Train Mrs. Edward's, The Cole Crawford Story
1980 Gideon's Trumpet Edna Curtis
1997 Off the Menu: The Last Days of Chasen's Herself Documentary
2003 Broadway: The Golden Age, by the Legends Who Were There Herself Documentary

Short subjects

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Year Title Role Notes
1923 Gasoline Love
Speed Bugs
1924 Just A Good Guy Girl Getting Into Car
1925 Sure-Mike Salesgirl at Department Store
What Price Goofy Concerned Girl with Perfume Uncredited
Isn't Life Terrible? Potential Pen-Buyer Uncredited
Thundering Landlords The Wife
Chasing the Chaser Nursemaid
Madame Sans Jane
No Father to Guide Him Beach House Cashier Uncredited
Unfriendly Enemies The Girl
Your Own Back Yard Woman in Quarrelsome Couple
Moonlight and Noses Miss Sniff, the Professor's Daughter
Should Sailors Marry? Herself
1926 WAMPAS Baby Stars of 1926 Herself
One Wild Time
Don Key (A Son of a Burro)
Don't Shoot Nancy Burton
The Saddle Tramp
The Show Cowpuncher
1927 A Trip Through the Paramount Studio Herself
1931 The Slippery Pearls Herself
1932 Hollywood on Parade Herself

Partial Television Credits

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Year Title Role Notes
1953 Cavalcade of America Mrs. Jefferson Davis Episode: "One Nation Indivisible"
1953-1954 The Pride of the Family Catherine Morrison 27 episodes
1958 Alfred Hitchcock Presents Mrs. Renshaw Episode: "Dip in the Pool"
1959 Playhouse 90 Tula Marsh Episode: "The Second Happiest Day"
Alfred Hitchcock Presents Mrs. Nelson Episode: "The Morning After"
1962 Wagon Train Mrs. Edwards Episode: "The Cole Crawford Story"
1964 The Eleventh Hour Mrs. Brubaker Episode: "You're So Smart, Why Can't You Be Good?"
1965 Bob Hope Presents the Chrysler Theatre Mrs. White Episode: "Double Jeopardy"
Perry Mason Mignon Germaine Episode: "The Case of the Fatal Fetish"

Cultural references

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  • In The Rocky Horror Picture Show, Fay Wray is referenced by name in two songs. At the beginning of the movie, "Science Fiction/Double Feature" contains "Then something went wrong / For Fay Wray and King Kong / They got caught in a celluloid jam", and near the end extraterrestrial transvestite mad scientist Frank N. Furter sings in the song, "Don't Dream It": "Whatever happened to Fay Wray? / That delicate satin-draped frame / As it clung to her thigh / How I started to cry / 'Cause I wanted to be dressed just the same".[23]
  • Mentioned in the chorus of the Jimmy Ray song, "Are You Jimmy Ray?"
  • Type O Negative, on their album Bloody Kisses, has a track titled "Fay Wray Come Out to Play."
  • Mentioned repeatedly in Thomas Pynchon's Gravity's Rainbow.
  • Fay Wray is briefly mentioned in the Bruce Cockburn song "Mama Just Wants to Barrelhouse All Night Long" on the 1973 Night Vision album in its second verse: "I hear the city singing like a siren choir / Some fool tried to set this town on fire / TV preacher screams 'come on along' / I feel like Fay Wray face to face with King Kong / But Mama just wants to barrelhouse all night long."
  • Fay Wray has been mentioned in the Peanuts comic strip a couple of times, mostly involving characters Snoopy and Woodstock in reenacting the iconic scenes from King Kong. The first one was in a September 11, 1976 strip with Snoopy playing as King Kong while holding Woodstock as Ann Darrow (with a brief mention of her co-star Bruce Cabot);[24] and in an August 29, 1976 Sunday strip format where Snoopy is dreaming that his nose is the Empire State Building and Woodstock, as King Kong, is climbing atop of it in real time. Waking up from it, Snoopy complains afterwards that "Fay Wray didn't even show up" in it.[25]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ "Ancestry of Fay Wray". Wargs.com. Retrieved March 9, 2011.
  2. ^ "Fay Wray". Northern Stars. Archived from the original on June 11, 2011. Retrieved March 9, 2011.
  3. ^ "Utah-Hollywood connection runs deep", p. B2, The Salt Lake Tribune, January 26, 2009.
  4. ^ SL Tribune, January 26, 2009
  5. ^ "Fay Wray". TCM.com. Archived from the original on March 5, 2011. Retrieved March 9, 2011.
  6. ^ Parish, James Robert; Mank, Gregory W.; Stanke, Don E. (1978). The Hollywood Beauties. New Rochelle, New York: Arlington House Publishers. p. 203. ISBN 0-87000-412-3.
  7. ^ a b "Fay Wray". Emol.org. Archived from the original on February 24, 2012. Retrieved March 9, 2011.
  8. ^ "Fay Wray by Kendahl Cruver". Things-and-other-stuff.com. September 15, 1907. Retrieved March 9, 2011.
  9. ^ Terrace, Vincent (2011). Encyclopedia of Television Shows, 1925 through 2010 (2nd ed.). Jefferson, N.C.: McFarland & Company, Inc., Publishers. p. 853. ISBN 978-0-7864-6477-7.
  10. ^ Wray, Fay (1989). On the Other Hand: A Life Story (1st ed.). New York City: St. Martin's Press. ISBN 978-0-312-02265-5. OCLC 17917980.
  11. ^ "Beaux Arts Society: Royal Family". Archived from the original on January 2, 2014. Retrieved February 24, 2014.
  12. ^ "UPI.com". UPI.com. Retrieved March 9, 2011.
  13. ^ Luther, Claudia (August 10, 2004). "From the Archives: Fay Wray, 96; Actress, Object of Ape's Desire in 'King Kong'". The Los Angeles Times. Retrieved March 28, 2022.
  14. ^ "Social Security Death Index". Ssdi.rootsweb.ancestry.com. July 15, 2010. Retrieved March 9, 2011.
  15. ^ Roy Kinnard; Tony Crnkovich (October 25, 2005). The Films of Fay Wray. McFarland. p. 14. ISBN 9781476604152. Retrieved July 17, 2016.
  16. ^ "'King Kong' damsel Fay Wray dies at 96". TODAY.com. August 9, 2004. Retrieved July 17, 2016.
  17. ^ Riskin, Victoria (February 26, 2019). Fay Wray and Robert Riskin: A Hollywood Memoir. Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group. ISBN 978-1-5247-4729-9.
  18. ^ Luther, Claudia (August 10, 2004). "From the Archives: Fay Wray, 96; Actress, Object of Ape's Desire in 'King Kong'". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved January 17, 2022.
  19. ^ "Fay Wray, Beauty to Kong's Beast, Dies at 96". The New York Times. August 9, 2004.
  20. ^ "A Visit to FAY WRAY's Gravesite (at Hollywood Forever Cemetery) King Kong". September 28, 2010 – via www.youtube.com.
  21. ^ "Fay Wray – Empire State Building to Dim Lights in Remembrance of Actress Fay Wray". UPI.com. Retrieved March 9, 2011.
  22. ^ "Past Recipients: Crystal Award". Women In Film. Archived from the original on June 30, 2011. Retrieved May 10, 2011.
  23. ^ McHorse, Shawn. "Rocky Horror Picture Show Soundtrack: 19 song lyrics". RockyMusic.org. Retrieved March 28, 2022.
  24. ^ Schulz, Charles (August 29, 1976). "Peanuts by Charles Schulz for August 29, 1976". GoComics.
  25. ^ Schulz, Charles (September 11, 1976). "Peanuts by Charles Schulz for September 11, 1976". GoComics.
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